Z-axis stage driven by a motor.

Cable-management chain for moving Z-axis wiring.

Encoder measuring linear Z-axis displacement.

Electromagnetic actuator providing precise short travel.

Stage using feedback for accurate positioning.

Flexible wiring loop accommodating Z-axis movement.

Display showing Z-axis position.

Piezoelectric device producing precise small movement.

Grouped electrical cables serving Z-axis hardware.

Display indicating current Z-axis position.