How long it takes data to get from source to destination. Lower latency means snappier connections.

Variation in latency. Too much can cause choppy audio and laggy video.

The percentage of data packets that get lost in transit. Can noticeably degrade voice and video quality.

Having multiple paths for data to travel. Helps maintain connectivity if one path fails.

Patches a program with fixes and improvements. It’s wise to stay updated.

Visual data like photos and graphics. JPG, PNG, and GIF are typical formats.

Routes data between networks. Most home “routers” are actually routers, switches, and wireless access points in one unit.

Installing a newer version of a program or swapping in a better hardware component.

Moving pictures and sound together. MP4, AVI and MKV are prevalent formats.

Converts signals between analog (like cable or phone lines) and digital (like Ethernet). The bridge between your home network and the internet.