Random data added before password hashing.

Programming practices designed to reduce vulnerabilities.

Boundary separating resources with different trust levels.

Transforming passwords into difficult-to-reverse hash values.

Software update fixing a security vulnerability.

Point where data or control crosses between trust levels.

Converting information into an unreadable form using cryptography.

Authentication requiring multiple verification factors.

Identifier system for publicly known vulnerabilities.

Decoy system designed to attract and detect attackers.