File Formats

A widely used markup language for encoding documents in a way both humans and computers can read.

Lightweight data interchange format that’s easy for humans to read and write.

For tabular data like spreadsheets. Very simple and universally supported.

A structured collection of data, often with multiple tables. Access, MySQL, and Oracle are big players.

For slideshows and lectures. Microsoft’s PPTX is commonly used.

Data organized into a grid of cells. Microsoft Excel’s XLSX is a de facto standard.

Any file that’s been made smaller with compression. ZIP and RAR for general files, MP3 for audio, JPG for images, etc.

Moving pictures and sound together. MP4, AVI and MKV are prevalent formats.

Sound data like music and recordings. MP3 and WAV are the usual suspects.

Visual data like photos and graphics. JPG, PNG, and GIF are typical formats.