A modern image format that offers better compression for the web than JPG or PNG.

A widely used markup language for encoding documents in a way both humans and computers can read.

Similar to JSON but strives to be even more human-friendly. Great for configuration files.

A lightweight markup language for formatting plain text. Used all over the web, including in this article!

Scalable Vector Graphics. An XML-based image format that can scale to any size without pixelation.

Lightweight data interchange format that’s easy for humans to read and write.

For tabular data like spreadsheets. Very simple and universally supported.

A structured collection of data, often with multiple tables. Access, MySQL, and Oracle are big players.

For slideshows and lectures. Microsoft’s PPTX is commonly used.

Data organized into a grid of cells. Microsoft Excel’s XLSX is a de facto standard.