The number of pixels in an image or video frame. Higher resolutions mean more detail.

The number of bits (data) processed per second. Higher bit rates mean better quality but larger files.

Copying audio or video data from one format to another, like CD tracks to MP3 files.

Playing media in real-time as it’s sent over the internet. Services like Spotify and Netflix use streaming.

The width-to-height ratio of a video or image. Old TVs used 4:3, modern ones use 16:9.

A file format that stores compressed media along with metadata like subtitles. Examples are MP4 and MKV.

Compresses and decompresses media data. Different formats use different codecs, like MP3 for audio and MPEG for video.

Adding random data to a hash to make it harder to crack. A pinch of salt keeps your hash secure!

A digital fingerprint of some data. Used to verify that files haven’t been tampered with.

Attempting to guess a password by systematically trying every possible combination of characters.